Patellar stabilization
What is Patellar Instability?
The patella, commonly known as the kneecap, sits at the front of the knee and glides smoothly within a groove at the end of the femur (thighbone). In some individuals, the patella can slip partially (subluxation) or completely (dislocation) out of this groove, leading to pain, swelling, and recurrent instability. This condition is called patellar instability.
Patellar instability can occur due to:
When recurrent dislocations or instability significantly affect daily activities, sports, or quality of life, patellar stabilization surgery may be recommended.
Who Should Consider Surgery?
Patellar stabilization surgery is usually recommended for patients who experience
Some patients with low activity levels may be managed with physical therapy alone.
What are the common procedures?
The specific surgical technique depends on the patient’s anatomy, history of instability, and the extent of damage.
Medial Patellofemoral Ligament (MPFL) Reconstruction
- Rebuilding the ligament that helps keep the patella in place using a tendon graft.
Tibial Tubercle Transfer (TTT or Osteotomy)
- Repositioning the tibial tubercle (the bony bump where the patellar tendon attaches) to improve patellar tracking.
Soft Tissue Realignment
- Tightening or releasing certain tissues around the knee to improve balance and stability.
Cartilage Repair (if needed)
- Addressing cartilage damage that may have occurred from repeated dislocations.
Recovery and Rehabilitation
Recovery timelines vary depending on the type of surgery performed, but most patients can expect the following:
- Immediately After Surgery: The knee is usually placed in a brace to protect the repair. Weight-bearing may be limited initially.
- First Few Weeks: Physical therapy begins to restore motion, reduce swelling, and gently strengthen the muscles around the knee.
- 6–12 Weeks: Gradual strengthening and improved stability. Walking without assistance becomes easier.
- 3–6 Months: Return to low-impact activities.
- 6–9 Months: Many patients are cleared to return to sports or higher-level activities.
Frequently Asked Questions
Will my knee be completely “normal” after surgery?
Many patients experience excellent stability and function, but recovery depends on your anatomy, the extent of damage, and commitment to rehabilitation.
How long will I need physical therapy?
Most patients continue physical therapy for 3–6 months, sometimes longer depending on activity goals.
Can I return to sports after patellar stabilization?
Yes, many patients successfully return to sports, but timing depends on healing and rehabilitation progress.
If you’re experiencing recurrent kneecap dislocations or ongoing instability, I can help determine the best treatment option for you.